Response of Bt and non-Bt maize to Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and evaluation of the optimal timing for control

Abstract

This study set out the following primary objectives: a) to evaluate the performance of Bt and non-Bt maize in the presence of Spodoptera frugiperda, and b) to determine the optimal timing for control using monitoring techniques. A secondary objective was to analyze the impact on producer profitability through gross margin analysis. The practical component was conducted at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences – National University of Lomas de Zamora, with the collaboration of the Plant Protection Department, which also assisted in the theoretical framework, data processing, and analysis. Based on this research, the study demonstrates that there is no significant difference in yield between hybrids across all treatments. It also highlights the critical importance of detecting the optimal moment for pest control by identifying leaf scraping (exposed larvae). Furthermore, when analyzing the gross margin of the two practices available to the producer, the results show a financial advantage in purchasing non-Bt seed combined with timely insecticide application, compared to the use of Bt seed alone.